Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking. Whites and juveniles d. courtyard style, The __________ model was dominant in the 1960s and early 1970s. Prostitution is considered more a(n) _______ crime than a sex crime. In some circumstances, the judge is able to enhance or reduce a sentence based upon factors specific to the crime and the defendant. Many newer correctional facilities, especially maximum-security facilities, have been built in the _______ style . A writ of habeas corpus requests an examination of the legality of ________. a. Radial design According to the retributive justice model of punishment, those who commit a particular crime should be punished ___________. c. reduce crime. According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the key issues facing corrections today? a. save money. Correctional systems learn, grow, and improve according to what? The concept of _______ focuses on the nature of the criminal act alone. Maintenance. Restorative justice sees crime as a violation against which of the following? Regaining custody of children >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts Judicial discretion gives d. all of these. b. the removal of educational and recreational amenities from prisons. b. separation of sexes Use of community justice tactics to deter the person who committed the crime. Children of people who have been incarcerated. c. gang removal b. The increase in the number of women in prison has: Explain your answer. b. vocational Classification systems that recognize similarities and differences between clients. a. attitudes b. The emphasis of the ______ on the importance of hard work and on the sinfulness of sloth sparked European reformers to urge that some means be used to provide work for the idle poor. .tg .tg-0lax{text-align:left;vertical-align:top} c. Federal Bureau of Investigation >>Pre-trial Procedures in Civil Cases Some criminals get away with the crime that they have done. c. Women's Prison Association The Anti-Terrorism Act imposes ________ limit to file a federal habeas petition. Nearly _________ of those in jail have a history of mental problem. b. the same as overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;} b. control gambling and extortion within the institution. c. Parole a. Among the stated goals of the correctional process as mentioned by the authors, which of the following does NOT overlap with the objectives of the other purposes? b. A philosophical question about private prisons concerns whether _______. >>Instructions to the Jury a. is well below that of men. In comparison to men's facilities, women's prisons have: For most of US history, the Bill of Rights was interpreted as protecting individuals from the acts of the ________. Punishments less severe than prison but more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction. Most prisons employ a __________ model. .tg .tg-lqy6{text-align:right;vertical-align:top} Americans have traditionally tended to equate which of the following most with punishment? Probation >>Jurisdiction and Venue c. classification systems for inmates >>Civil and Criminal Cases Even in the book illustrates how a second problem was the recognition of racial disparities (Mays & Which court decisions held that the basic elements of procedural due process must be present when decisions are made concerning the disciplining of a person in prison? d. was thwarted by male overseers and legislators. b. was met with resistance from the community. Describe the type 93 percent of the adult prison population is: In Cooper v. Pate (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that the Civil Rights of 1871 imposes ________ on any person who deprives another of constitutional rights. A ________ report is prepared by a probation officer, who investigated a convicted person's background to help the judge select an appropriate sentence. The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in ________. >>Final Motions a. 200,000 d. reintegration. b. >>Judgment The majority of offenses committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ or public order crimes. c. Elizabeth Glaser Based on the fact that a small group of criminally active people are responsible for a majority of crimes, the term career criminal began to be used to refer to those ______. His bank offers him an APR of 3.32% He wants to compare monthly payments on a 20- and a 30-year mortgage. c. primary sanctions. b. radial design. a. cable TV. Before that time, a pre-sentence investigation will take place to help the judge determine the appropriate sentence from the range of possible sentences set out in the statutes. d. ill-advised. A majority of imprisoned veterans are incarcerated for _______ offenses. 750,000 Programs that deal with developmentally disabled clients have recently focused on _________. d. was thwarted by male overseers and legislators. c. minimum security b. newcomer. d. all of these. They relieve the tensions of prison life. >>Closing Arguments d. White. The _________ refers to an institution intended to isolate incarceration people from society and each other so that they could reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and undergo reformation. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Criminal Cases a. racial disparities Rehabilitating people who had committed crimes. Punishment of criminals that is intended to be an example to the public and to discourage the commission of offenses by others is known as _________. d. all of these. b. juveniles. >>Verdict Judges sometimes do sentence below the range, but often seem reluctant to give a sentence far less than what the guidelines recommend. . The new movement that seeks to establish correctional programs falling between standard probation and prison is called: d. sex. The first institution to embody the principles of the Cincinnati Prison Congress was ______. The _______ model is created by building a prosocial, self-governing podular-style unit within the jail. c. retributive a. narcotics. State prisons for men are usually classified according to the level of ______ deemed necessary. While the jury may have decided your guilt or innocence, only the judge will determine your sentence. d. Women's Prisoner Improvement Society, Which of the following is an advantage to the families formed by female inmates? According to the author, corrections has a(n) _______ relationship with its environment. a. diverse programming. Private enterprise has _________ played a role in America corrections. Courts and Legal Procedure | a. Dalton For each of the following events, draw the new market outcome and say whether the equilibrium price and quantity will increase or decrease. WebJudges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are _____. b. make prison rape illegal. b. programming. A common concern shared by both liberal and conservative politicians is that _________. a. control an institution's drug trade. A(n) ________ is a complex whole consisting of interdependent parts whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment in which they function. a. nutritional services. >>Appeals, How Courts Work Home | More technical violations occur than with traditional probation. An amount of money paid to the victims of a crime or to their relatives. Men between which ages are more prone to violence? >>Pre-trial Procedures in Civil Cases b. provided us with a deeper understanding of the modern prison. b. >>Evidence d. subculture. Determine whether it would be appropriate for the Federal Reserve to increase or .tg td{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px; c. inmates 50,000 a. more available programming. a. With the correctional focus shifting to crime control, some believe that offenders have had it too soft, resulting in: were housed in secure and sanitary conditions. to their employees. Construction share important characteristics even though they vary in others. Mediation, American Bar Association c. style. America's oldest prison was built in 1798, in _______. a. b. Terry v. Ohio Common stock, $10 par Women's Improvement Organization The Military Commissions Act restricted unlawful enemy combatants rom filing ________ petitions. More than two-thirds of people under correctional authority are: c. supervision intensive program According to the concept of _________, people convicted of crimes are returned to society once they are treated. Over __________ dollars in fines is collected annually in the United States. The Magistrate Judge also sets release conditions, including any bond. a. educational Support for the concept of _______ has led many legislatures to shift to determinate sentences. d. Morressey v Brewer. Factors of Western criminal law are all of the following EXCEPT __________. The Human Side of Being a Judge | d. both save money and reduce reliance on prisons. >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense By the mid-1800s, reformers became disillusioned with the _________ since rehabilitation or deterrence was not being realized. _______ of those convicted receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation. a. women. According to the authors, in the correctional system women are known as the: Which of the following correctional change can be attributed to the incarcerated persons' rights movement? d. 1980s. 340,000 a. jumping out Required: Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses? >>Officers of the Court The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal to. c. White Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called ______. Webjudicial discretion. WebThis week on Legally Speaking with Michael Mulligan: The British Columbia Medicare Protection Act purports attempts to protect Medicare by prohibiting any doctor from charging any more than what Medi Listen to Medicare Protection Act constitutional, sentencing for contempt and drugs on appeal by Legally Speaking with Michael Mulligan instantly on Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value. c. guilty. d. not affiliated with a gang. 60,000 d. 25,000. a. a. situational offenders. _______ refers to a type of probation granted with conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload. >>Motions after Verdict At all political levels, corrections is only one of many services operated by the government and paid for by tax revenues. d. 80 to 90 percent. The ______ was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth. 300,000 93% What are three b. sheriff's The Human Side of Being a Judge | b. gangs. Most prisons are located in __________ areas. WebThis report provides a theoretical and empirical study of the sentencing process addressing three challenges: the extent to which judges are consistent in their sentencing According to the Supreme Court, the concept of "totality of conditions" may be used to determine whether like in a correctional environment constitutes ___________. b. incapacitation Current assets d. support prisoner's rights. 1950s. Studies of community service and restitution programs have generally found them vulnerable to: Early evaluations of intensive supervision reflect which the following? b. less severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. >>Opening Statements Jim is taking out a $135,000 mortgage. d. on a par with, Rates of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners. Jeremy Bentham argued that effective punishments prevent ________ in the future. The judge reads the instructions to the jury. c. human beings. c. assured. a. Elizabeth Heffernan In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, prisoners demanded their constitutional rights as: Your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits. Operating expenses >>Motion for Directed Verdict/Dismissal Net sales a. in prison. $100,000 it is inadequate for a large number of clients. Widespread adoption of intermediate sanctions may further exacerbate _______ in prison populations. In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, incarcerated people demanded their constitutional rights as _____. >>Plea Bargaining Current liabilities As many as ________ percent of child molesters were themselves molested as children. The invention of the penitentiary, where incarcerated people could be isolated from the temptations of the outside world. Today's prison construction is greatly influenced by ________. Cost of goods sold b. women's sentences are generally short. Plant assets (net) Thus, corrections must vie with other government programs for ________. Like all other government services, corrections is constantly confronted by frequently shifting _________ forces that further complicate administration. The founder of the classical school of criminology was ______. c. the same as men. ___________ is an instrument developed for judges that indicated the usual sanctions given previously for particular offenses. a. gather national statistics on prison rape. Benefit of clergy was extended to ______. The cost of maintaining a(n) ______ prison resident is much higher than costs associated with other incarcerated populations. At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to ____. b. remains steady. Alternative sanctions tend to be designed for _________. With the correctional focus shifting to crime control, some believe that convicted people have had it too soft, resulting in ________. b. informal code. d. lacking consistency. ____________ and death have been used throughout history; the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries in Great Britain and Europe were particular brutal. Which of the following is NOT one of the major sentencing structures currently used in the United States? d. local government. d. has not been calculated. In 2003 the Prison Rape Elimination Act was created in order to: 18,000 >>Selecting the Jury Approximately ______ of female inmates are currently incarcerated for violent offenses. Sentencing guidelines are designed to do all of the following EXCEPT ________. A set of rules of conduct that reflect the values and norms of the prison social system and help to define for inmates the characteristics associated with the model prisoner is known as the: In which part of the correctional system's work does correctional staff not have a regular part? a. Review by correctional officials of many of their procedures and organizational structures. a. >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases b. b. Elizabeth Fry Elizabeth Farnham, head matron of the women's wing at Sing Sing from 1844-1848, tried to implement reform ideas for female prisoners and: They assist in the socialization of the new inmate. b. scare tactics. In short, the jurors determine the facts and reach a verdict, within the guidelines of the law as determined by the judge. c. campus style c. conflicts He or she will discuss the standard of proof that jurors should apply to the case - beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case, preponderance of the evidence in a civil case. >>Motions after Verdict c. sexual misconduct by male officers. The graph in Figure 3P-4 shows supply and demand in the market for automobiles. a. rehabilitative The central problem with the mental health model of criminality is that we __________. The United States has about _______ jails. Which of the following was NOT a medieval form of capital punishment? >>Selecting the Jury Therapeutic justice is a philosophy of reorienting the jail experience from being mostly punitive to being mostly ______. What is the primary challenge that long-term prison residents pose to administrators? _______ were abandoned ships that the English converted to hold convicts during a period of prison crowding between 1776 and 1790. Many, if not most, defendants housed in jails are ______. Historically, the __________ has been an innovator in the field of corrections. b. gleaning. 5,000 Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called: A system where jail operations are funded by a set amount paid for each person held per day is __________. One of the ways a corrections staff member can insulate himself or herself against civil lawsuits is to _______. c. Wilmington 22,000 Athens expects a useful life of four years for the software and total revenues of $5,000,000\$ 5,000,000$5,000,000 during that time. d. less programming. In prison terminology the "fish" is a(n): Because inmates are not allowed to carry any currency, the primary method of exchange in prison is: c. psychological b. the Secret Service. https://quizlet.com/97734104/corrections-ch-9-12-regionals-flash-cards There are numerous mitigating factors that a judge can take The costs of incarceration are most expensive for _______ clients. Children of people who have been incarcerated. Youth d. one quarter, The differences between male and female prison subcultures have been attributed to the nurturing, ________ qualities of women. State of Illinois Department of Corrections c. transfer gang members to another institution. __________ is a system of government in which power and responsibility are divided between a national government and state governments. b. more varied programming. c. limited. c. cost. They include wider nets, stronger nets, and _______. b. Trenton b. function. b. education b. segregated in prisons but not jails. Which of the following has been identified as one of the problem with situational clients? 72,000 The most important issue concerning the use of intermediate sanctions had to do with sentencing philosophy and _______. c. Spouses of people who have been incarcerated The opening of both Western (1825) and Eastern State (1829) Penitentiaries in Pennsylvania marked the full implementation of the _________ system of corrections. In instances when parole supervision is being revoked, people who committed a crime possess various _______ rights. d. All of these, Corrections Chapter 11: The Prison Experience, Tema 1 Lxico 2: Las Percepciones Sensoriales, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. The legislature, president, or governor has the ability to give an agency the power in the areas of health, safety, and the environment to implement ______________. a. more violent. The pre-sentence investigation may consider the defendant's prior criminal record, family situation, health, work record, and any other relevant factor. WebIn a criminal trial, the defendant's lawyer can ask for a motion to dismiss the charges, arguing that the government has failed to prove its case. Sentencing guidelines have been widely adopted for the purpose of reducing _______ in sentencing. >>The Jury Pool The judge has many different types of sentences to consider: Concurrent (at the same time) or consecutive (one after another) Determinate (a fixed amount of time) or indeterminate (a minimum and maximum amount of time) Deferred until a later time Suspended sentence And others b. Some of the jurors are removed for cause. Many states allow the lawyers to request that certain instructions be given, but the judge makes the final decisions about them. For instance, judges may typically consider factors that include the following: the defendant's past criminal record, age, and sophistication whether the defendant genuinely feels remorse. What factors do judges use in determining sentences? Today's prison construction is greatly influenced by _______. Judicial discretion refers to a judge's power to make a decision based on their individualized evaluation, guided by the principles of law. Kelly declined to address the judge before sentencing, a choice his attorney Jennifer Bonjean later said was made on her advice since Kelly has multiple other cases pending. d. restitution. >>Civil and Criminal Trials a. cliques. c. transfer to another prison. WebWhat are the three basic sentencing structures indeterminate sentences determinate sentences mandatory sentences Do most Western democracies impose the death This prison was located in what city in New Jersey: Long-term liabilities $650,000 d. bias. d. Colorado. Eastern State Penitentiary was designed by ______. The penitentiary was to be a place where _________. Judges and magistrates are sometimes criticised for giving a particular sentence, normally when it is thought to be too short or the wrong type of sentence for the crime. font-weight:normal;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;} Elizabeth Fry was instrumental in the women's prison movement and advocated for which of the following: b. determined. >>Bringing the Charge b. male ________ clients are likely to have committed a crime because they have been exploited by others. b. less severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. Critics of private prisons charge that the profit incentive may result in _________. 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