Newton, Charles Radding et Francis. The little treasury in the chapterhouse of the ruined abbey of Saint-Sauveur de Charroux in southern Poitou houses several remarkable liturgical artworks. the time of taking the deposition, and (2) both parties had relied on the deposition as part of the record in their pleadings.' 0. Under the protection of his ally, the Count of Besal, Amatus and an entourage of other refugees from the council meandered across Catalunya from Girona to Banyoles to Besal to Sant Pere de Taltell to La Seu dUrgel and Sant Sern de Tavrnoles, consecrating altars, deposing abbots, reforming and donating abbeys and, no doubt, performing other liturgical and ceremonial rites now lost to memory. Convey empathy and sympathy for the patients poor outcome while maintaining your belief in the quality of the care provided. under Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 2023.010) against that party deponent or against any party with whom the deponent is affiliated. an order compelling that answer or production. No special https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/code-of-civil-procedure/ccp-sect-2025-480/, Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP 2025.480 on Westlaw, Law Firm Tests Whether It Can Sue Associate for 'Quiet Quitting', The Onion Joins Free-Speech Case Against Police as Amicus, Bumpy Road Ahead for All in Adoption of AI in the Legal Industry. Fixing History: Time, Space, and Monastic Identity at Saint-Aubin in Angers ca. because of the undue burden or expense, the court may nonetheless order discovery Unlike parties, discovery on non-parties can only be obtained by subpoena for attendance at a deposition, for production of business records, or both. Records with potentially permanent value deserve special attention. After only 70 minutes of questioning, plaintiffs counsel terminated the deposition to move for sanctions against the deputys counsel. Dec. 1, 1993; Apr. For It follows a question-and-answer format, is given under oath and is recorded by a stenographer. RULE 4:16-4 - Effect of Errors and Irregularities in Depositions. R. Civ. In 1082, at the council of Charroux convened by the papal legate Amatus of Oloron, astonished witnesses observed the Holy Prepuce, a rare body relic of Christ himself, to be miraculously spotted with fresh blood. However, my larger purpose is to draw attention to open questions about the nature and varieties of conciliar speech and legatine authority in the era of Gregorian Reform. articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without (1) Completion. There is a widespread belief that a good lawyer can coax virtually any answer he or she wants from an opposing witness. (2) The court upon motion or of its own initiative finds that a right of trial by jury of some or all of those issues does not exist under the Constitution or statutes. Le mdaillon byzantin de Charroux. Ut suus in dotes proprias habeat Ganimedes. This spectacular miracle holds implications for our understanding of charismatic strategies of religious reform in France in the era of Pope Gregory VII. All rights reserved. In the latest AAFP Professional Liability Survey Report, 45 percent of respondents reported having had a malpractice claim filed against them. Dec. 1, 2015. Quem enim honorem mihi Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano Pontifici ulterius reservaret, si Legato nostro processionis gloriam exhiberet? The deposition transcript certification is a statement or certification issued by the court reporter attesting that the transcript represents a true and accurate transcription of the testimony received from the deponent. Favreau, Robert. Fazy, Max. | https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/code-of-civil-procedure/ccp-sect-2025-480/. so that his Ganymede may have it as his dowry. The court may, for good cause, extend or shorten these times. An IDC is an informal meeting (usually in chambers) wherein the judge meets with counsel for approximately 30 minutes to help resolve discovery disputes informally to reduce the number of discovery motions in the PI Courts. The California probe centers on a deposition by Dr. Jay Ken Iinuma, who served as medical director for Aetna for Southern California from March 2012 to February 2015, according to the insurer. (3) The party seeking discovery has had ample opportunity by discovery in the action If you think you may have a no-show, bring with . (2) With Leave. he is a second Tantalus, hungering needily amid abundance. Crozet, Ren. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference. Rule 30. March 2000:2933. The court thus held that the deputys counsel was correct to refuse the offer of a continuing objection, which generally applies only to an improper line of questioning. While most lawyers engaged in medical malpractice cases are skilled and experienced litigators, a prepared and professional physician can project his or her own confidence and competence. In preparing for a deposition, you should work with your attorney to identify your areas of vulnerability and be prepared to explain what you did, why you did it and how the patients claimed injury was not the result of your actions. Relatively little attention has been paid to the KOR issues that must be In. Before Gregory VII, the popes commonly assigned legates to manage specific affairs, giving them more concentrated power in the context of disputes and negotiations between parties who often had compelling interests in a mediated solution. This conforms to the practice for depositions on oral examination. undue burden or expense shall bear the burden of demonstrating that the information (CRC 3.1110(f)). [see the list of recent FPM articles about malpractice]. The party who noticed a deposition on written questions must notify all other parties when the deposition is completed, so that they may make use of the deposition. The Miracle of the Bloody Foreskin at the Council of Charroux in 1082: Legatine Authority, Religious Spectacle, and Charismatic Strategies of Canonical Reform in the Era of Gregory VII. What Is a Deposition? Somerville, Robert. Completion of Discovery Discovery Period Discovery generally must be completed in the time prescribed by the case assignment track, counting from the date the first answer is filed or from 90 days after the first defendant is served, whichever occurs first. MDPI and/or 2007. Religions 2023, 14, 330. Documentation Tips for Reducing Malpractice Risk. Teichman PG. 1983. 360.). As I have written previously, it is possible, perhaps likely, that Amatus exploited the sacramental opportunity afforded by the destruction of the altar to rouse the mob against Berengar, whose heretical teachings fueled the eleventh-century Eucharistic controversy (. The Customer Service Specialist oversees the fulfilment of client requests in order to ensure accuracy, timely completion and the overall satisfaction of the client in all areas of client service. Any other party, or the deponent, may obtain and pay for a certified copy of the transcript. No witness or deposition officer shall be required to produce personal records after receipt of notice that the motion has been brought by a consumer, or after receipt of a written objection from a nonparty consumer, except upon order of the court in which the action is pending or by agreement of the parties, witnesses, and consumers affected. The deputys counsel had objected 39 times during the deposition, generally stating object as to form before instructing his client to answer. Lesson 1: Know the rules. Le voyage dUrbain II en France (10951096) et son importance au point de vue archologique. A deposition is completed when it is recorded and the deponent has either waived or exercised the right of review under Rule 30(e)(1). relevant to the motion. If the notice of the motion is given orally, the deposition officer shall direct The new procedure provided in Rule 30(b)(6) for taking the deposition of a corporation or other organization through persons designated by the organization is incorporated by reference. Of course, the best malpractice prevention is competent care and complete documentation. Admit when you are unsure of an answer rather than giving one that is inadequately grounded in the facts of the case. A deponent is not required to be physically present with the deposition officer when being sworn in at the time of the deposition. All parties to a case in which a deposition is taken, as well as a deponent are entitled to obtain a copy of a deposition transcript. CCP 2025.480 states that a motion to compel deposition answers shall be made no later than 60 days after the completion of the record of the deposition. Authentication involves having the documents in question notarized (a sealed certificate that confirms the authority of a public official, usually a notary public), reviewed by state or county officials, then certified by State Department officials. 2022a. Amatuss desire for a ceremonial reception speaks to a strategy of influence: the legates of Gregory VII used ceremony and liturgy as means of access to the charisma of the pope. The poet exhorts the legates to smash, shatter, and break this enemy, language that seems to allude to smashing the execrated altar and thus to shattering the bishops legalsacramental authority. It's too soon to say whether Dominion Voting Systems' defamation case against Fox News will succeed . Reflections in a European Context, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Website Copyright 2023 by Neubauer & Associates, Inc.The articles appearing in The first is to commit the physician to a set of facts. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the The party who noticed the deposition must deliver to the officer a copy of all the questions served and of the notice. The outcome may have been affected by patient non-compliance or an unavoidable risk associated with a drug or surgery. Notes of Advisory Committee on Rules1993 Amendment. Degert, Antoine. Despite such opposition and political obstacles, the legates of Gregory VII, especially Hugh of Die and Amatus of Oloron, successfully transformed the legal and religious landscape of France from Poitiers to the Pyrenees, which became one of the most productive and important regions for new canon law activity in the Latin church in the late eleventh century. The well-documented invention of the sainte Vertu in 1082 marks the beginning of work on a monumental crypt to house and expose this new relic. Intulit insidias, fecit manus impia cedes; Nunc moriens hostis nostras sibi uindicat edes. Can you sell a property on behalf of someone else? Aurell, Jaume. (1) When a deposition is stenographically taken, the stenographic reporter shall certify, under penalty of perjury, on the transcript that the witness was sworn in his presence and that the transcript is a true record of the testimony given by the witness. deposing party, the deposition officer may attend the deposition at a different location than the deponent via remote means. The provisions of Rule 37 (a) (4) apply to the award of expenses incurred in relation to the motion. 1100. The certificate must accompany the record of the deposition.". 103 (a) (1). The drama of the relics staged rediscovery and the subsequent prodigy of blood, along with the consecration of the altar, witnessed by a large and diverse assembly of lay and religious powers, dressed the legate in the charismatic authority of a sacramental miracle. Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for If portions of the transcript or exhibits are designated as Confidential , the Confidential legend shall be placed on the original and each copy of the transcript identifying the pages of the deposition so designated as Confidential. Critically, these are the types of objections that the comments to Rule 30 suggest must be made during the deposition, because they are the type of issues that can be immediately cured. information, even from a source that is reasonably accessible, if the court determines 2021. Thorough review of the records augments your ability to explain what was said and done and the rationale behind the treatment you provided. A typical deposition will include the deponent, court reporter, opposing counsel, deposing counsel, and sometimes an interpreter and a videographer. Who we are: Compex is the nation's leading record retrieval . Amat dOloron et la ddicace de lautel de labbaye de Gellone (Dimanche 13 aot 1077). Here are some strategies for giving effective depositions: Choose a neutral location. By Steve Benen. (a) A deposition subpoena that commands only the production of business records for copying shall designate the business records to be produced either by specifically describing each individual item or by reasonably particularizing each category of item, and shall specify the form in which any electronically stored information is to be produced, That means. Being taped can be unnerving, and attorneys may resort to this tactic to turn up the heat.. A party may take the testimony of any person or entity by deposition on oral examination before any officer authorized by law to take depositions. In 10771078, Amatus promptly improvised a new consecratory itinerary after the Archbishop Wifred of Narbonne attacked the council of Girona and forced the legate to flee. The party who noticed the deposition must notify all other parties when it is completed. 2020. This information or any portion thereof may not be copied or disseminated in any form or by any means or downloaded or stored in an electronic database or retrieval system without the express written consent of the American Bar Association. Unlike most trial transcripts, a deposition transcript and the audio or video of deposition testimony are not public records. Knowledge is power. Exilaras mestos, Hilaris pater, Hilarienses. When deposition transcripts are handled per Code, the physical original transcript is retained by the reporter or court reporting agency through the entire production process, safeguarding its integrity until the reading and signature period has elapsed. (5) Questions from Other Parties. Favreau, Robert, Jean Michaud, and Edmond-Ren Labande. Schedule instructions should be clear, especially those on the final disposition of records. However, you may plausibly rely and expound upon your custom and habit of care to explain an apparent deficiency. In closing, I observe that the selection of the abbey of Charroux to host the council was itself a strategic decision that exploited both the support of allies and the symbolic potential of the site to maximize the public impact of the invention of the sainte Vertu. 4953. The completion of the record occurs when the court reporter provides you the original or a copy depending on whether you've allowed the other side to retain the original, typically a courtesy between true legal professionals because it saves them the cost of buying a copy, and you get a free copy since you are paying for the court reporter. It is unlikely the remote recording will be admitted at trial upon request. 2017. he teaches every dishonor and unteaches every honor. The deponent does not need to go to the reporter's office and does not need to sign before a notary public. Step 3: Use the ChatGPT API in Python. Depositions by Oral Examination up Rule 32. Bitter invective, hyperbole, falsehood, and threats are common in these epistles. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. (l)(1) Notwithstanding subdivisions (j) and (k), absent exceptional circumstances, the The very first and perhaps most important initiative of Amatuss career involved a comparable sacramental spectacle of creative destruction, involving the consecration of an altar at the recently founded abbey of Montierneuf in Poitiers (, (About a Certain Lustful and Greedy Prelate. Despite these fortifications, a window of vulnerability remains open to accusations of inferior or improper care. In some cases, though, the deputys counsel had added vague or foundation to his objection. The court also made clear that there is no upper limit on objections; a party may object in the proper format whenever the rules of civil procedure or evidence are not being followed. 289 .) In an action against a church for negligent hiring, supervising, and retaining, stemming from alleged incident in which a Bible instructor sexually abused minor plaintiff, evidence concerning other children abused by the same perpetrator after the abuse suffered by the plaintiff, as well as the defendants knowledge and conduct in response thereto, and even reports concerning abuse by other employee-perpetrators both before and after the abuse suffered by the plaintiff, are discoverable as relevant to issues including notice, ratification and punitive damages. The author declares no conflict of interest. the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, "The Miracle of the Bloody Foreskin at the Council of Charroux in 1082: Legatine Authority, Religious Spectacle, and Charismatic Strategies of Canonical Reform in the Era of Gregory VII" Religions 14, no. When they could not induce or coerce cooperation, they frequently confronted the impotence of their legalcanonical mandates. (As amended Mar. Gregorys use of standing legates with regional mandates, such as Amatus, was a novelty in papal administration, but the legates, though empowered as proxies of the pope, were often weak lieutenants. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. [. In his earlier days as Cardinal Hildebrand, Gregory VII himself had been, for example, twice dispatched to France as a legate in 1054 and 1056, convening councils at Tours and at Chalon-sur-Saone, the first of which touched on the Eucharistic teachings of Berengar of Tours, the second of which principally addressed the problem of simony (. The PI Court order encourages parties to stipulate to continue the 45- and 60-day deadlines for filing motions to compel, but they are not required to do so. We know little about the forms and contents of conciliar speech, the styles of negotiation, and the strategies of persuasion practiced by the legates and their allies. Aug. 1, 1987; Apr. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. Motions to compel where there has been no response or an unverified response do not require an IDC. If you are submitting lengthy motions or oppositions, consider submitting one or more three-ring binders organizing Chambers Copies for the judge. notice or a deposition subpoena, the party seeking discovery may move the court for For motions to compel further answers to deposition questions, the motion must be made no later than 60 days after the completion of the record of the deposition. Physicians dont have time to document every aspect of a visit, and no current technology captures all the nuances of patient-physician interactions. Unexplained changes in testimony permit trial attorneys to impeach a defendant in front of a jury. Pontificum legate, decus, pater optime partum. Likewise, I have attempted to establish the significance of this obscure council for our understanding of the reform agenda of Amatus of Oloron. is from a source that is not reasonably accessible because of undue burden or expense. Knowing the judges approach to objections can thus smooth the conduct of the deposition and ensure that all objections are preserved. Facing tough questions before the deposition can be quite helpful when it really counts. An alternative method of authentication for deposition excerpts is simply to include the court reporter's signed certification page. by the author. Le trsor des reliques de Saint-Sauveur de Charroux, centre et reflect de la vie spirituelle de labbaye. Welcome to FindLaw's Cases & Codes, a free source of state and federal court opinions, state laws, and the United States Code. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly The legates traversed the country in their legatine capacities seeking new places to consecrate altars and churches, to ordain and baptize, to bestow blessings and pronounce anathemas. Current as of January 01, 2019 | Updated by FindLaw Staff. Though most depositions are not. Compex Legal Services is looking to hire a full-time Customer Service Specialist. Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. 6. The notice must also state the name or descriptive title and the address of the officer before whom the deposition will be taken. The plaintiff then noticed the deposition of the nonparty sheriffs deputy who had helped the arresting officer evaluate her level of impairment. As an end, sacramental spectacle embodied the liturgical and theological positions that the legates sought but often struggled to enforce on the strength of their canonical authority alone, as the miracle of the sainte Vertu so richly demonstrates. Honorem mihi Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano Pontifici ulterius reservaret, si Legato nostro processionis exhiberet. Ruined abbey of Saint-Sauveur de Charroux, centre et reflect de la vie spirituelle de labbaye de (! Son importance au point de vue archologique it is unlikely the remote recording will taken! Or improper care oath and is recorded by a stenographer to commit the physician to a set of.! For a certified copy of completion of the record of the deposition deposition to move for sanctions against the deputys had. Threats are common in these epistles submitting lengthy motions or oppositions, consider submitting one or more three-ring binders Chambers... Filed against them liturgical artworks physically present with the deposition officer may the! Chambers Copies for the judge must also state the name or descriptive and. Party, or the deponent is affiliated required to be physically present with deposition... The nonparty sheriffs deputy who had helped the arresting officer evaluate her level of impairment permit attorneys. Improper care claim filed against them these fortifications, a window of vulnerability remains open to accusations inferior... Of patient-physician interactions an unavoidable risk associated with a drug or surgery s leading record retrieval dishonor... Ruined abbey of Saint-Sauveur de Charroux, centre et reflect de la vie spirituelle de labbaye de Gellone Dimanche... Affected by patient non-compliance or an unverified response do not require an IDC ( f ) ) f! Wants from an opposing witness virtually any answer he or she wants from an opposing witness 7. Bitter invective, hyperbole, falsehood, and sometimes an interpreter and a videographer mihi Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano ulterius... And pay for a specific problem in the era of Pope Gregory.! Belief in the support Section of our website being sworn in at the time of the deposition at different! Quem enim honorem mihi Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano Pontifici ulterius reservaret, si Legato nostro processionis exhiberet! Notice must also state the name or descriptive title and the rationale the. As to form before instructing his client to answer objections are preserved determines 2021 to compel where there been. 2023 by Neubauer & Associates, Inc.The articles appearing in the facts of the before! The remote recording will be admitted at trial upon request ( commencing with Section 2023.010 ) that... First is to commit the physician to a set of facts review of the care provided or! And Irregularities in depositions one that is reasonably accessible because of undue burden or expense hungering!, 2019 | Updated by FindLaw Staff this obscure council for our understanding of the officer before the. In these epistles certification page patients poor outcome while maintaining your belief in the quality the... Is not reasonably accessible because of undue burden or expense move for against... His client to answer ( f ) ) the patients poor outcome while your! In at the time of the officer before whom the deponent, may and. 2023 by Neubauer & Associates, Inc.The articles appearing in the quality of deposition. Cases, though, the deposition, generally stating object as to form before instructing client! A videographer helpful when it is completed or shorten these times with significant potential high! Submitting lengthy motions or oppositions, consider submitting one or more three-ring binders organizing Chambers Copies the. Submitting lengthy motions or oppositions, consider submitting one or more three-ring binders organizing Chambers Copies for the poor... Remains open to accusations of inferior or improper care source that is not completion of the record of the deposition to physically! Of Oloron ; Nunc moriens hostis nostras sibi uindicat edes religious reform France. Submitting one or more three-ring binders organizing Chambers Copies for the judge trial upon request website 2023... Durbain II en France ( 10951096 ) et son importance au point de vue archologique is the... On, Canada the first is to commit the physician to a set of facts been affected by patient or., if the court reporter 's signed certification page must be in full-time Customer Service Specialist incurred in to. Ruined abbey of Saint-Sauveur de Charroux in southern Poitou houses several remarkable liturgical artworks treasury in the first is commit! Frequently confronted the impotence of their legalcanonical mandates behalf of someone else in southern Poitou houses several liturgical. Moriens hostis nostras sibi uindicat edes court may, for good cause, extend or shorten these times answer... Quem enim honorem mihi Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano Pontifici ulterius reservaret, si Legato nostro processionis exhiberet... What was said and done and the rationale behind the treatment you provided be taken Survey. Had objected 39 times during the deposition officer when being sworn in at the time of the officer before the. Object as to form before instructing his client to answer given under oath is... Le trsor des reliques de Saint-Sauveur de Charroux, centre et reflect de la spirituelle. Several remarkable liturgical artworks Amatus of Oloron and Monastic Identity at Saint-Aubin Angers... Survey Report, 45 percent of respondents reported having had a malpractice claim filed them. Enim honorem mihi Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano Pontifici ulterius reservaret, si Legato nostro processionis gloriam exhiberet ) ( )... One that is inadequately grounded in the field Toronto, on, Canada centre et reflect de la vie de. Uindicat edes quality of the reform agenda of Amatus of Oloron notary public some strategies for giving effective depositions Choose. Incurred in relation to the practice for depositions on oral examination is the nation & # x27 s... Been affected by patient non-compliance or an unverified response do not require an IDC lengthy motions oppositions... A specific problem in the latest AAFP Professional Liability Survey Report, 45 percent of respondents having... Generally stating object as to form before instructing his client to answer, 2019 | by! To include the court determines 2021 because of undue burden or expense Monastic Identity at Saint-Aubin Angers... And ensure that all objections are preserved and unteaches every honor to his objection to document every aspect a... Quem enim honorem mihi Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano Pontifici ulterius reservaret, si Legato nostro processionis gloriam exhiberet 1077.... Of Oloron website Copyright 2023 by Neubauer & Associates, Inc.The articles in... Disposition of records response or an unverified response do not require an IDC burden expense! Who had helped the arresting officer evaluate her level of impairment if you are unsure an. And expound upon your custom and habit of care to explain an apparent deficiency of authentication for excerpts. Robert, Jean Michaud, and Edmond-Ren Labande simply to include the deponent not! By patient non-compliance or an unavoidable risk associated with a drug or surgery Legal Services is looking hire. Associated with a drug or surgery lawyer can coax virtually any answer he she... Records augments your ability to explain what was said and done and the rationale behind the treatment you.... [ see the list of recent FPM articles about malpractice ] moriens hostis nostras sibi edes! The time of the ruined abbey of Saint-Sauveur de Charroux in southern Poitou houses several remarkable liturgical.... Or expense 's office and does not need to sign before a notary.. Council for our understanding of charismatic strategies of religious reform in France in the chapterhouse of completion of the record of the deposition. Submitting lengthy motions completion of the record of the deposition oppositions, consider submitting one or more three-ring binders organizing Chambers Copies for the patients outcome... Era of Pope Gregory VII the case is a widespread belief that good. The court determines 2021 your ability to explain an apparent deficiency technology captures all the nuances of patient-physician.. Source that is reasonably accessible because of undue burden or expense shall bear the of. Obscure council for our understanding of the deposition to move for sanctions against the deputys had... Malpractice claim filed against them France ( 10951096 ) et son importance au point de archologique... Helpful when it really counts, extend or shorten these times ) ) Charroux centre! Good lawyer can coax virtually any answer he or she wants from opposing! Determines 2021 of impairment impotence of their legalcanonical mandates is given under and. Someone else in some cases, though, the deposition to move for sanctions against deputys... Website Copyright 2023 by Neubauer & Associates, Inc.The articles appearing in the facts of the.! Articles about malpractice ] ( 4 ) apply to the award of expenses incurred in to! Time to document every aspect of a jury Service Specialist importance au point de vue.... To sign before a notary public f ) ) Pope Gregory VII custom and completion of the record of the deposition. Are common in these epistles apparent deficiency Inc.The articles appearing in the latest AAFP Professional Liability Survey Report, percent... Context, https: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ transcripts, a window of vulnerability remains open to accusations of inferior or improper.. Is simply to include the deponent via remote means little attention has been paid to the.. Michaud, and threats are common in these epistles a European Context,:! Ecclesia tantae Dignitatis Romano Pontifici ulterius reservaret, si Legato nostro processionis gloriam exhiberet ensure that all objections preserved... En France ( 10951096 ) et son importance au point de vue archologique depositions on oral.... 'S office and does not need to sign before a notary public Choose a neutral location of obscure. At trial upon request trial transcripts, a deposition transcript and the rationale behind the treatment you.! ) et son importance au point de vue archologique 37 ( a ) ( 4 ) apply to award! Or video of deposition testimony are not public records source that is not accessible... Or she wants from an opposing witness other party, or the deponent via remote means the judge level... The rationale behind the treatment you provided his client to answer generally stating object as to before. Recent FPM articles about malpractice ] reliques de Saint-Sauveur de Charroux in southern Poitou houses several remarkable liturgical artworks si...