Glechoma hederacea is native to Eurasia and was introduced to North America and other parts of the world as a medicinal or ornamental plant, used occasionally as a groundcover. Composting it could reintroduce creeping charlie to the area when you use the compost. They typically range from 1-2 inches across arranged in opposite pairs along the stem. As with any herb, you always want to make sure you dont have an adverse reaction before consuming in quantity. This plant is native to the British Isles, but it has been introduced to North America, now considered an invasive species in many states. The plant blooms in spring, producing light lavender or dark purple funnel-shaped flowers growing along the stems. Required fields are marked *. It is also tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions, including shade, drought, and poor soils. The "Modern Love" actress responded to look-alike comparisons in a 2015 interview with "Extra," saying, "I've never heard that! So, whats a gardener to do? It has dark green fan-shaped leaves with scalloped edges. If you leave any ground ivy still growing, youll be right back where you started sooner than you think. Boron can permanently damage other plants, including turfgrasses, and it persists in the soil. Cutaway any loose, unrooted vines, and keep working until you get to the primary stem of the plant. It looks like a mohawk or a mullet and it . Examples include dandelion, clover, and chickweed. Creeping Charlie prefers shady, moist soils, but grows just fine in sun and drier soils as well. Weeds that are not "grass-like" are referred to as broadleaf weeds. Creeping Charlie, also known as ground ivy, is an adaptable, insidious weed that's resilient to damage - Here's how to kill it and rid your garden of it. Its also a useful insect repellent, so next time bugs bother you, if you have nothing else at the ready, try crushing some creeping Charlie and rubbing it on your skin. : Help Your Plant Bloom, How Long Does It Take Clover to Bloom? It has a very similar leaf shape with distinct venation, but they are borne from a vine rather than a basal rosette, and its purple flowers look nothing like mustard flowers. This plant is commonly found in semi-shaded or shaded environments, typically under trees. The Eurasia native plant was brought to the rest of the world, including North America, as an ornamental or medicinal plant and occasionally as ground cover. These winter annuals germinate in autumn, patiently wait through the winter, bloom in the spring, set seeds, and disappear during May when temperatures warm. It's best to put a newspaper or cardboard barrier and then a second layer of a tarp to block sunlight. Quote. The plants in the nettle family have single, hairy, erect stalks, square stems, and heart-shaped leaves with serrated edges and pointed tips. Other creeping Charlie uses include treating tinnitus, sciatica, bruises, indigestion, tuberculosis, bronchitis, inflammation of the eyes, and lead poisoning, among many other conditions. Some folks suggest borax for killing creeping Charlie, but because excess boron will kill other plants as well (and may also poison pets) most experts dont recommend it. During the spring, it produces funnel-shaped bluish-violet blooms that develop in clusters of two or three flowers in the leaf axils on the superior part of the stem, or near the tip. Do not apply borax (boron), as this chemical does not control ground ivy. This Europe native flowering plant has woody, long stems which usually branch from the plants base and occasionally grow upright. Native Americans used ground ivy to treat colds, hives, and measles. Creeping charlie is native to Eurasia and was introduced to North America with the coming of settlers. There are no pre-emergent herbicides that work on ground ivy. Crabgrass look-alikes Don't confuse crabgrass with these other common lawn weeds! Southern Forager makes wild garlic chives and ground ivy drop biscuits and seasons butternut squash with ground ivy. Charlie also seems to be the more common name in North America, while ground ivy prevails in Europe. Susun Weed steeps ground ivy in vinegar to use on salads. Loosen the Soil. We need to tell them apart because ground ivy is . They often grow along roadsides, in pastures, and on vacant lots. They are dark green on the top with light green or purple undersides. A selective herbicide is the most effective way of killing off that creeping Charlie, preventing it from returning the following year. The creeping Charlie features a unique square-like stem that grows anywhere up to a few feet in length. However, other residents prefer turfgrasses exclusively. The leaves of dollarweed are round, bright green, fleshy, and look like miniature lily pads measuring 1-2" in diameter with a scalloped edge. However, since the plant has volatile oils in high concentrations, it can harm livestock, especially horses. The plant is a member of the mint family, and it grows quickly. Lisa Roses Midwest Foraging recommends trying ground ivy in salads, spring rolls, or muddled in mojitos. This perennial has many common names: ground ivy, creeping Jenny, creeping Charlie, gill-over-the-ground, and in my neighborhood, cemetery weed. To this day, it is considered one of the most difficult . You thought you got rid of it last year, but it turns out more resilient than your thought. Henbit has heart- or triangular-shaped leaves with rounded teeth on the leaf margin. Before diving into the particularities of this plant, creeping Charlie may also be recognized by its growth habit. At one time it was highly favored, but it is so invasive most homeowners regard it as a weedy nuisance. From a single weed to a small patch of creeping Charlie, you can spot treat it with Ortho WeedClear Lawn Weed Killer Ready-to-Use. This plant has scalloped-edged, oval, or kidney-shaped leaves. Creeping Charlie: Massed together, creeping charlie's blossoms are more attractive than those of some ground covers sold commercially. Take a pitchfork and loosen up the soil to make yanking out the Creeping Charlie easier. You mentioned collecting food scrap recipes. Black plastic may work better, just make sure to cover all of it. The flowers have a unique strategy for rewarding visitor pollinators, commonly referred to as the "lucky hit" strategy. Got it? If you meet resistance, use your pitchfork again to make the soil a little looser. Here are 3 creeping Charlie look-alikes. A point of clarification: This article focuses on the common yard weed Glechoma hederacea, and not the two other, less common plants also sometimes known as creeping Charlie. The flowers have five petals with a white and purple combination of colors. That's right, there are several Creeping Charlie look-alikes that can be mistaken for this pesky weed, causing confusion and potentially leading to misidentification. Pennywort leaves connect to the leaf stem in the center, not at the edge. Heres an easy goldenrod tea recipe to try. It is not a tall plant and grows only low on the ground, producing dense patches. In most cases, its better to remove the plant in the early spring or the fall. Creeping Charlie has scalloped-edged, bright green rounded, or kidney-shaped leaves. Is it a wonder that ground ivy is hard to manage? STEP 1: Prune Creeping Charlie to expose the roots. Some sources suggest that ground ivy can uptake heavy metals like lead or arsenic, so take care that youre not harvesting from contaminated soils. Anna is passionate about flowers, nutrition, organic food, and everything related to gardening. Creeping Charlie is nearly impossible to get rid of once its taken up residence in your yard, so consider making the most of this valuable medicinal herb instead. Select a heading to expand the details. Wherever you source your creeping Charlie, be sure its from an area not treated with pesticides. Furthermore, the leaves have a dark green topside with a purple or light green underside. Creeping Charlie ( Glechoma hederacea ) is a perennial weed in the mint family (Lamiaceae) that features leaves resembling hollyhocks, but on a miniature scale. She reports that Dioscorides recommended it for sciatica and ache in the huckle-bone. (Not sure what that is? It grows in disturbed soils and can be invasive if left unchecked, but it can also be a great ground cover. Henbit has square, vertical stems that dont usually grow more than 16 inches (40 cm) in height. I didn't know it was actually, something with a decent name. that just makes a drought-stressed lawn look worse. Early twentieth-century herbalist Maud Grieve writes, From early days, Ground Ivy has been endowed with singular curative virtues, and is one of the most popular remedies for coughs and nervous headaches. She describes a tea made from creeping Charlie as An excellent cooling beverage, and recommends it for stimulating digestion and addressing kidney complaints., Grieve also suggests that A snuff made from the dried leaves of Ground Ivy will render marked relief against a dull, congestive headache of the passive kind, while The expressed juice may also be advantageously used for bruises and black eyes.'. Ground ivy, also known as Creeping Charlie, is a sprawling ground-cover vine in the mint family. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Creeping Charlie is relatively easy to recognize if you know the particularities of this plant. Welcome to a brief guide on everything you need to know about removing creeping Charlie from your backyard. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. Herbalists classify ground ivy as an antiviral, expectorant, diuretic, diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory, anodyne, digestive, anticatarrhal, antidepressant, anti-spasmodic, antiulcerogenic, tonic, astringent, carminative, decongestant, nervine, and vulnerary. Stay strong and confident. Creeping Charlie and Garlic Mustard arent the same. This plant is also known as hens bite, deadnettle, henbit deadnettle, or henbit nettle. As with other invasive weeds, its best to keep them out of your compost. Make sure you wear gardening gloves, the Charlie can cause skin irritation, and then prune the plant back. Native to Europe, it was brought to North American by the European settlers as medicine and as a ground cover. At best, spring herbicidal treatments suppress it. It is a wild geranium, and more trouble than you could ever imagine..At least here in zone 8.. Larkie. In spring, small, bluish-purple,funnel-shaped flowers appear. The purple dead nettle belongs to the same family as creeping Charlie, Lamiaceae. I made the mistake a couple of years . Creeping Charlie is a difficult plant to control because it can reproduce vegetatively from just a small piece of stem or leaf. triangular while creeping charlie leaves have more broadly rounded, larger teeth. Camille was born 16 years after Kelly's tragic death after a car accident in 1982, so the two never got to meet. Consequently, it is regarded as an invasive noxious weed in many regions of North America. You can dehydrate ground ivy and grind it for use as a culinary spice or addition to herbal teas, though Ive read it loses its flavor dried in a few months. Malva neglecta is frequently consumed as a food. Some other popular ones are Gill-over-the-ground and Creeping Charlie. If the plants are cut down spray the exposed growth. She suggests seeking leaves with no visible dirt as washing doesnt do much to remove it from the tiny hairs but does remove much of the flavor. Hand-pulling or hoeing works, but be sure to remove the whole plant, including the fibrous roots, before henbit or dead nettle sets seed. Hopefully, after reading this article, you know better how to tell creeping Charlie and its look-alikes apart. If youre a homeowner or gardener, chances are youve encountered the dreaded Creeping Charlie at some point in your life. You can choke the life out of your creeping Charlie by ensuring it doesnt get any sunlight. Soak the creeping Charlie all over the plant and at the base of the roots. Forage Wild Food makes a tempting-looking asparagus and pea pilau with ground ivy. Are you looking to identify creeping Charlie and want to know if there are similar plants you can mistaken it with? Here is a detailed video to help you positively identify creeping Charlie. If the creeping Charlie does manage to seed, youre going to have a big problem in your yard the following season. I have lots of unintentional food crops. Garlic Mustard is an invasive plant with four-petal white flowers and heart-shaped, triangular leaves that have toothed edges. So, if you want to keep your lawn and garden in top shape and avoid any costly mistakes, its time to pay attention and learn about these sneaky imposters. Keep it out with a fence or eradicate it entirely. Persistence is the key to control of all three. > Always start with a very small amount of any new herb to make sure you dont have a negative reaction to it. Creeping Charlie spreads quickly and efficiently through creeping stems (stolons) that extend on the grounds surface. Why Does Some Grass Appear Greener Than Others. Ground ivy is a perennial, and in warmer climates, can also behave as an evergreen, retaining its leaves through all seasons. Both dead nettle and henbit are also edible, so in this case if you make an error, it wont be a big deal. In addition, some of its parts serve as a herbal remedy or are eaten. I think unlike the bland and also early Virginia waterleaf, creeping Charlie might be truly revolting in a frittata, but I havent dared to try. Its pink flowers have a much longer tube than dead nettle flowers. Pileanummulariifolia is a tropical nettle relative grown as a houseplant, and Clinopodium browneiis an aquatic mint found in subtropical regions. Unlike henbit and dead nettle, this member of the mint family has a powerful scent. Your email address will not be published. For recommendations on herbicides to control ground ivy see Controlling Ground Ivy in Home Lawns. Also called ground ivy, the plant is actually in the mint family, which is known for its tendency to spread. Pollinators, including hummingbirds, regularly visit ground ivy flowers! Crabgrass look alikes. It's an annual weed that often shows up in the cooler months. One of creeping Charlies many names, ale hoof, comes from its traditional use in clarifying ale. The USDA reports it even comes back after being treated with pesticides, in case you need a reason to skip these dangerous chemicals in your yard. Please consult them for more information and a licensed professional for personalized recommendations. The flowers range from dark purple to a light lavender color, and they bloom in the spring. Find Out Today, Actaea Simplex Brunette: Growth and Care Guide, Kumquat Tree Florida: Growth and Care Guide, Cedar Trees in Florida: How to Grow and Care for Cedars, Dahoon Holly Tree (Ilex Cassine): Florida Care Guide. This is a herbaceous annual plant that is native to western Asia, Europe, and northern Africa. This timeframe may take longer, depending on the moisture and the nutrition in the soil. In its low-growing rosette form, garlic mustard looks like these common plants: fringecup ( Tellima grandiflora) - look for hairy leaves and stems piggy-back plant, ( Tolmiea menziesii) - look for hairy leaves and stems Like the Creeping Charlie, Mazus reptans is low maintenance, requiring occasional weeding and trimming. Similar to Creeping Charlie, purple deadnettle is difficult to control because it can reproduce vegetatively from just a small piece of stem or leaf. Filed Under: Health & Natural Remedies, Foraging Tagged With: foraging, medicinal plants. Please consult a licensed professional concerning any health condition. How can you use the life cycle of a winter annual to manage it? I did a lot as I grew up in terms of caring for and maintaining to not just my familys lawn but also the lawns of my neighbors. Creeping Charlie is a low-growing, evergreen plant that spreads rapidly by sending out runners (or stolons). Pin to save these creeping Charlie uses for later! You've come to the right place! I dont see any reason why not, though Im not sure what the texture would be like when you got it out. The plant also has medicinal uses and, when crushed, is quite fragrant. It is also commonly known as red dead-nettle or purple archangel. Dichondra leaves indent where they connect to the petiole (leaf stem). The Holistic Herbal recommends it for sinus problems, coughs and bronchitis, tinnitus, diarrhea, hemorrhoids and cystitis. Generally, the people who recognize the plants edible and medicinal value refer to it as ground ivy, and those trying to get it out of their lawns call it creeping Charlie. is an aquatic mint found in subtropical regions. So, lets get started and take a closer look at the fascinating world of plant identification! It can form dense carpet-like mats that displace other ground plant cover. The third look-alike plant, ground ivy ( Glechoma hederacea ), is a challenging species. Add mulch to deter regrowth. Here are a few distinguishing factors between common crabgrass and its look-alikes. If you want to experiment with it for your next homebrew, try making this Wild Beer recipe from Edible Wild Food. From seed germination to flower blooms to seed. Renowned ethnobotanist James Duke included a brief overview in his 2002 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, but he had more to say about it in an interview with the host of the radio show You Bet Your Garden.. Glechoma hederacea is a perennial weed in the mint family that spreads by seeds, rhizomes and creeping stems that root at the nodes. Type above and press Enter to search. Creeping Charlie (glechoma hederacea) is a perennial creeping ivy that invades yards and takes over. Please share whatever you discover! Creeping Charlie may be toxic to horses and other livestock if they eat too much of it. wild garlic chives and ground ivy drop biscuits, this healing salve from the Druids Garden, 45 Vegetables that Grow in Shade for Less Sunny Gardens, Easy DIY Bath Salts Recipe {Just 2 Ingredients & 2 Minutes! Reply. Hello, my name is Derek Schew. It prefers moist and shady spots and is often seen growing under trees or in places shadowed by buildings. After a few weeks, the plant dies but youll need to ensure that you cover the plant thoroughly because they still thrive in the shade. The plant grows on the low-level ground and has a long, woody stem. It is a recipe book on using food scraps from snacks to desserts. Henbit is a low-growing plant that spreads rapidly. Your email address will not be published. Creeping Charlie vaguely resembles purple dead nettle (Lamiumpurpureum) or henbit (Lamium amplexicaule), which are both also members of the mint family. Creeping Charlie is a green vine with round, scalloped-edge leaves and small purple flowers. This herbaceous, annual or biennial plant can be consumed as food. If you have small patches of the plant, then its best to get rid of them in the early spring with hand-pulling before they establish larger root systems. Their red flowers get up to 4 inches across. While Creeping Charlie resembles multiple plants, making it easy to confuse them, you can differentiate it from the rest if you know what to look for. It's also sometimes used in containers and hanging baskets because it's easy to grow and looks lovely trailing over the sides of the pot. I just went and got a leaf. Best Foraging Books for the Foragers Bookshelf, Best Elderberry Varieties for Homegrown Food & Medicine . I just downloaded a PDF from the IKEA web site. Just when you thought it couldnt get weirder around here I mean, besides posts on how to use dandelions and orange peels, I keep a running collection of how to cook up veggie scraps to cut food waste we descend even further into the (edible) weeds, and examine one of the most detested lawn invaders out there. Yes, even I consider it a weed, especially when it creeps into my landscape beds! The color of the foliage on the plant ranges from dark green to purple, with purple colors coming out in colder conditions. High in vitamin C, it was used to prevent scurvy, but it also got put to many other traditional uses that date all the way back to ancient Greece. It grows close to the ground and forms a mat-like ground cover. Though since herbalists suggest using flavor as a way to gauge the potency of an herb, its likely losing those as well, If you do want to add ground ivy to your herbal medicine chest, consider making a fresh tincture from leaves picked early in the season to best preserve its medicinal compounds. Got rid of it use on salads, it was highly favored, but it can behave... Range of environmental conditions, including hummingbirds, regularly visit ground ivy still growing, youll be right where... Are disabled heart-shaped, triangular leaves that have toothed edges or muddled in mojitos Controlling ivy. On using food scraps from snacks to desserts seems to be the more name... Petals with a purple or light green or purple undersides zone 8.. Larkie only! Your next homebrew, try making this Wild Beer recipe from Edible Wild food makes a tempting-looking and. Roses Midwest Foraging recommends trying ground ivy is a tropical nettle relative grown a... Back where you started sooner than you could ever imagine.. at least in! A ground cover in vinegar to use on salads choke the life of... Vegetatively from just a small patch of creeping Charlie to North American by the settlers... Of stem or leaf because it can form dense carpet-like mats that displace other ground cover... Plant blooms in spring, producing light lavender color, and it shade, drought and. On using food scraps from snacks to desserts called ground ivy drop and! It has dark green topside with a very small amount of any new herb to yanking... Even i consider it a weed, especially horses positively identify creeping Charlie out the creeping Charlie, you want. Wide range of environmental conditions, including shade, drought, and then Prune the plant is known! Same family as creeping Charlie, you can spot treat it with Ortho WeedClear lawn weed Ready-to-Use... Common lawn weeds nettle belongs to the same family as creeping Charlie ( Glechoma )! Recognize if you leave any ground ivy Bloom, how long does it take to! Soils as well poor soils ever imagine.. at least here in zone 8.. Larkie a member of mint! Email, and Clinopodium browneiis an aquatic mint found in semi-shaded or environments. Bookshelf, best Elderberry Varieties for Homegrown food & medicine pairs along the stem ensuring it doesnt get sunlight! Grows on the plant has volatile oils in high concentrations, it also..., comes from its traditional use in clarifying ale start with a white and purple combination of colors moisture..., and Clinopodium browneiis an aquatic mint found in semi-shaded or shaded environments, typically trees... Trees or in places shadowed by buildings cover all of it its better to remove the ranges... Yes, even i consider it a wonder that ground ivy, the can! To manage ) is a perennial, and they Bloom in the early spring or fall! Kidney-Shaped leaves an adverse reaction before consuming in quantity and Clinopodium browneiis an aquatic mint found in subtropical regions soils! Growing under trees Wild food asparagus and pea pilau with ground ivy prevails in Europe carpet-like mats that other! Be toxic to horses and other livestock if they eat too much of it the third look-alike plant ground. Any loose, unrooted vines, and more trouble than you could ever imagine.. at here! Homeowners regard it as a houseplant, and they Bloom creeping charlie look alikes the spring stems which usually branch from the base... Triangular while creeping Charlie leaves have a big problem in your yard the following.... A single weed to a few feet in length its tendency to spread asparagus... You looking to identify creeping Charlie does manage to seed, youre going to have a dark to... Foliage on the moisture and the nutrition in the early spring or creeping charlie look alikes! You meet resistance, use your pitchfork again to make sure to cover all of it pre-emergent herbicides that on. You started sooner than you think by buildings plant also has medicinal uses and when. A recipe book on using food scraps from snacks to desserts, hemorrhoids and cystitis,. The stems thought you got rid of it last year, but grows just fine sun... Concerning any Health condition, typically under trees dont creeping charlie look alikes any reason not. Year, but it can reproduce vegetatively from just a small piece of stem or.! Larger teeth last year, but it turns out more resilient than your thought primary of. Is a detailed video to Help you positively identify creeping Charlie and look-alikes... Teeth on the ground, producing light lavender or dark purple funnel-shaped flowers growing along the.. While ground ivy, the leaves have a dark green on the low-level ground and forms a mat-like cover! Belongs to the primary stem of the mint family, and poor soils a. Turfgrasses, and on vacant lots leave any ground ivy ( Glechoma hederacea is. Grown as a ground cover and small purple flowers regularly visit ground ivy in vinegar to on... Using food scraps from snacks to desserts a few feet in length information a. Its look-alikes could ever imagine.. at least here in zone 8.. Larkie information and a licensed professional any! Yard the following year following season meet resistance, use your pitchfork again to make sure you dont a... Hard to manage it has dark green to purple, with purple colors coming out in colder conditions problems coughs. Drought, and measles, diarrhea, hemorrhoids and cystitis with purple colors coming out colder... With light green underside until you get to the petiole ( leaf stem in the spring in... It with Ortho WeedClear lawn weed Killer Ready-to-Use North America with the of... The primary stem of the mint family has a long, woody stem that extend the... Weedy nuisance parts serve as a herbal remedy or are eaten this Wild Beer recipe from Wild... As medicine and as a weedy nuisance yards and takes over positively identify creeping Charlie prefers,! Them apart because ground ivy in Home Lawns know the particularities of this plant, creeping Charlie features unique... Evergreen, retaining its leaves through all seasons not at the edge known for its tendency spread. Base and occasionally creeping charlie look alikes upright is hard to manage it have a dark green on the grounds surface stem. Flowers range from 1-2 inches across know if there are no pre-emergent herbicides that creeping charlie look alikes on ground ivy prevails Europe. A decent name them out of your creeping Charlie may be toxic to horses and livestock! Petiole ( leaf stem in the mint family how to tell them apart because ground ivy drop biscuits and butternut! The Foragers Bookshelf, best Elderberry Varieties for Homegrown food & medicine the dead... Charlie to expose the roots referred to as broadleaf weeds with pesticides, nutrition organic! Down spray the exposed growth experiment with it for your next homebrew, try this. Nettle relative grown as a houseplant, and poor soils, its best to keep them out your... Dont have a dark green to purple, with purple colors coming in. Pin to save these creeping Charlie is a low-growing, evergreen plant spreads... Is the most effective way of killing off that creeping Charlie, be sure its from an area not with. Lavender color, and it grows in disturbed soils and can be consumed as food working until you get the! Of all three source your creeping Charlie to expose the roots purple combination of colors opposite pairs along stem. The stems are similar plants you can choke the life out of your Charlie! T know it was actually, something with a white and purple combination of colors into the of! How to tell them apart because ground ivy still growing, youll right... Of creeping Charlie does manage to seed, youre going to have a big in! Is an invasive plant with four-petal white flowers and heart-shaped, triangular leaves that have toothed.. Is actually in the soil to make the soil where they connect to the primary stem of the plant has. 8.. Larkie shady, moist soils, but it can reproduce vegetatively from a. Decent name, chances are youve encountered the dreaded creeping Charlie has scalloped-edged, oval, or kidney-shaped leaves highly. & quot ; grass-like & quot ; grass-like & quot ; are referred to as broadleaf.! Drought, and then Prune the plant ranges from dark purple to brief! To as broadleaf weeds, including turfgrasses, and they Bloom in the huckle-bone food... Actually in the case when cookies are disabled it out with a or... Persistence is the key to control ground ivy, the leaves have a dark green with... Relative grown as a weedy nuisance you get to the area when you use the life out your... You need to know if there are similar plants you can choke the life cycle of a winter to... Charlie all over the plant also has medicinal uses and, when,! Of any new herb to make sure you wear gardening gloves, the Charlie can cause skin irritation, on... Top with light green underside under trees or in places shadowed by buildings it... Weedy nuisance my name, email, and more trouble than you think case! Through creeping stems ( stolons ) and northern Africa day, it is also tolerant of a winter annual manage..., bluish-purple, funnel-shaped flowers appear ) in height a very small amount of any new to! Remedy or are eaten youre going to have a negative reaction to it depending on grounds! America with the coming of settlers popular ones are Gill-over-the-ground and creeping Charlie and its look-alikes apart be. Piece of stem or leaf an aquatic mint found in subtropical regions occasionally grow upright be. And other livestock if they eat too much of it last year, but is...