12 Test Bank - Gould's Ch. The decision of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina is reversed and remanded. No right, title, or interest in or to the Website or any content on the Website is transferred to you, and all rights not expressly granted are reserved by the Company. (Remember, you are not expected to have any outside knowledge of the new case.) The. For the SCOTUS comparison, I committed a major classroom crime. . Congress had amended the VRA in 1982 to target "vote dilution" in which members of a specific racial minority were spread thin across a district to decrease their ability to ever gain a voting majority. -Redistricting based on race alone violates the equal protection clause of 14th amendment. Yes. Maybe youre familiar with the film Gideons Trumpet. Promote any illegal activity, or advocate, promote, or assist any unlawful act. In the free-response section of your AP U.S. Government Exam, you will have to answer four essay questions. To comply with 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 - which prohibits a covered jurisdiction from implementing changes in a "standard, practice, or procedure with respect to voting" without federal authorization - North Carolina submitted to the Attorney General a congressional . The discussion offers some tweaks and suggestions. They merely allege that the redistricting plan is so irregular on its face that it is clearly an effort to segregate voters by race without appropriate justification. Question 3 of the AP U.S. Government and Politics free response section is the SCOTUS Comparison FRQ. I dont think my students have yet become one with the Foundational Docs. We shall see. I began creating a possible answer list, like so many of us do. Any of the material on the Website may be out of date at any given time, and we are under no obligation to update such material. If we provide desktop, mobile, or other applications for download, you may download a single copy to your computer or mobile device solely for your own personal, non-commercial use, provided you agree to be bound by our end user license agreement for such applications. Any use of the Website not expressly permitted by these Terms of Use is a breach of these Terms of Use and may violate copyright, trademark, and other laws. the district court dismissed the case because they concluded that using race-based districting to benefit minority voters does not violate the constitution. An attorney on behalf of North Carolina argued that the general assembly had created the second district in an attempt to better comply with requests from the Attorney General in accordance with the Voting Rights Act. Privacy Policy In doing so, YOU GIVE UP YOUR RIGHT TO GO TO COURT to assert or defend any claims between you and us. The general assembly took another look at the maps and drew in a second majority-minority district in the north-central region of the state, along Interstate 85. On your AP exam in May, your FRQ #3 will be a SCOTUS comparison essay. These are two rather good and reasonable designs for students in this course. b. Theres so darn many potential arguments that the question committee could ask for. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/shaw-v-reno-4768502. See the following high-scoring response, and be sure to read the points in the explanation about what makes this response effective. All changes are effective immediately when we post them, and apply to all access to and use of the Website thereafter. Yet, when asked in (C) to draw a conclusion about the difference in votes won versus seats won, any general or potential change in political views by Ohio citizens or the 2 parties from 1982 to 2012 would surely get credit. Attempt to gain unauthorized access to, interfere with, damage, or disrupt any parts of the Website, the server on which the Website is stored, or any server, computer, or database connected to the Website. The Court found that race could not be the deciding factor when drawing districts. Though it is a bit hokey, slow, and a Hallmark Hall of Fame made-for-TV bomb circa 1980, Gideons Trumpet, or selected clips, would have proved priceless in helping students answer FRQ #3 as it compares Betts v. Brady with Gideon v. Wainwright. What could be more essential to the course, and fairer in terms of expectation. c. Explain how the decision in Bush v. Vera could affect the process of redistricting for congressional representation in other states. Reynolds argued that it was his religious duty to marry multiple wives, and thus the practice should be protected under the First Amendment. 5-4 decision for Shawmajority opinion by Sandra Day O'Connor. "Shaw v. Reno: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact." A difference between League of United Latin American Citizens v.Perry and Shaw v.Reno is that Shaw v.Reno was a dispute over an irregularly shaped district that suppressed minority, specifically Black, voters.League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry was also a dispute over legislative districts, but it was between the Plaintiffs and Republicans. To transmit, or procure the sending of, any advertising or promotional material, including any "junk mail", "chain letter", "spam", or any other similar solicitation. Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969), New York Times Co. v. United States (1971), Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010). UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL WE BE RESPONSBILE OR LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE RESULTING FROM YOUR RELIANCE ON INFORMATION OR OTHER CONENT POSTED ON OR AVAILBLE FROM THE WEBSITE. The fact that it now chooses to apply strict scrutiny when a law is meant to benefit a race that has been the subject of historical discrimination makes no sense. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PROVIDED BY LAW, WE WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE CAUSED BY A DISTRIBUTED DENIAL-OF-SERVICE ATTACK, VIRUSES, OR OTHER TECHNOLOGICALLY HARMFUL MATERIAL THAT MAY INFECT YOUR COMPUTER EQUIPMENT, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, DATA, OR OTHER PROPRIETARY MATERIAL DUE TO YOUR USE OF THE WEBSITE OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE OR TO YOUR DOWNLOADING OF ANY MATERIAL POSTED ON IT, OR ON ANY WEBSITE LINKED TO IT. Typically when it comes to the final component, we like using rebuttals more than concessions or refutations. Many of our students will take a different version soon. In neither quoted passage did the exam cite the source/publication like we had seen in most past College Board examples. Our business hours are Monday-Friday from 9am-5pm ET. Who won at the U.S. Supreme Court. In reference to re-apportionment plans that focus on race as a determining factor, Justice OConnor wrote: In his dissent, Justice White argued that the Court had ignored the importance of showing "cognizable harm," also known as proof that any sort of "harm" had even occurred. With my rounding, Democrats won 48% of the seats and Republicans won 52%. Part C will likely require you to apply the cases ruling to a political action or principle. The dialyzer is a series of hollow Skip to document Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Copyright 2023 | WordPress Theme by MH Themes. The third of these questions is a SCOTUS comparison essay, in which you will be required to compare a non-required Supreme Court case with a required Supreme Court case, so get to know each required Supreme Court case as well as possible! COVID-19 Updates Hopefully these released examples help them. Therefore, North Carolina created a plan that resulted in two majority-black districts. The Attorney General formally objected to the plan, arguing that a second majority-minority district could be created in the south-central to the southeastern region to empower Indigenous voters. The Court has, in its prior decisions, allowed redistricting to benefit an unrepresented minority group. Eleven Republicans and ten Democrats. Also, citizens could draw attention to the issue during future elections and attempt to elect candidates who would support changing the law prohibiting bigamy. User Contributions must in their entirety comply with all applicable federal, state, local, and international laws and regulations. As with any Court ruling about a federal law, citizens can take political action to protest it, such as trying to influence Congress. You are expected to check this page each time you access this Website so you are aware of any changes, as they are binding on you. So, I was more anxious to see these released FRQs than the others. However, North Carolina did this by racial gerrymandering to, purposefully arrange black communities into a single district so that an additional, African American representative can be elected. The U.S. Supreme Court acknowledged probable jurisdiction. You agree to notify us immediately of any unauthorized access to or use of your user name or password or any other breach of security. You agree to cooperate with us in causing any unauthorized framing or linking immediately to stop. You understand that we cannot and do not guarantee or warrant that files available for downloading from the internet or the Website will be free of viruses or other destructive code. Without limiting the foregoing, User Contributions must not: If you believe that any User Contributions violate your copyright, please contact usand provide the following information: We may terminate the accounts of any infringers. Use any device, software, or routine that interferes with the proper working of the Website. You may use the Website only for lawful purposes and in accordance with these Terms of Use. Think about what features you can incorporate into your own free-response answers. Here are the 4 different FRQs that will be included: Concept Application: Respond to a political scenario, describe and explain the effects of a political institution, behavior, or process Ive not gotten to the Plain Dealer source cited at bottom of the illustration yet, but there was at least one incomplete term and perhaps a special election during that era. In 1982, however, the Buckeye State sent 21. Give the impression that they emanate from or are endorsed by us or any other person or entity, if this is not the case. An Overview: FRQs on the AP US Gov Exam On your AP Government exam in May, you will be asked to write 4 FRQs. All User Contributions must comply with the Content Standards set out in these Terms of Use. On the other hand, in Bush v. Vera, the state of Texas drew three new. In a 5-4 opinion, the Supreme Court ruled that the shape of the proposed district in North Carolina was bizarre enough that it could not be explained as anything other than an attempt to separate voters along racial lines. As a result of the 1990 Census, North Carolina was entitled to a 12th seat in the House of Representatives. Only two years after Shaw v. Reno, the same five Supreme Court justices explicitly stated that racial gerrymandering violated the 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause in Miller v. Johnson. . Match. Involve commercial activities or sales, such as contests, sweepstakes, and other sales promotions, barter, or advertising. In addition, the Court concluded that to permit this would be to make the professed doctrines of religious belief superior to the law of the land, and in effect to permit every citizen to become a law unto himself, perhaps leading to claiming practices like human sacrifice as protected religious actions. It is simply not plausible for the white voters here to argue that the white majoritys influence over the political process has been canceled out. By providing any User Contribution on the Website, you grant us and our affiliates and service providers, and each of their and our respective licensees, successors, and assigns the right to use, reproduce, modify, perform, display, distribute, and otherwise disclose to third parties any such material for any purpose. Manage Settings Copyright Kaplan, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Learn more aboutthe other free response questions on the AP U.S. Government and Politics exam. The resulting district was strangely structured and did not follow reapportionment guidelines which highlighted the importance of compactness, contiguousness, geographical boundaries, or political subdivisions." February 22, 2021 Unit 4 FRQ Test FRQ #1 A. We may update the content on this Website from time to time, but its content is not necessarily complete or up-to-date. 13-5). The Terms of Use, our Privacy Policy, and Terms of Sale constitute the sole and entire agreement between you and Marco Learning LLC regarding the Website and supersede all prior and contemporaneous understandings, agreements, representations, and warranties, both written and oral, regarding the Website. February 22, 2021 Unit 4 FRQ Test FRQ # 3 will be SCOTUS! Designs for students in this course cite the source/publication like we had seen in past... North Carolina created a plan that resulted in two majority-black districts of North Carolina is reversed remanded... Cases ruling to a political action or principle did the exam cite source/publication... Result of the Website only for lawful purposes and in accordance with these of. 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