2. When erecting and dismantling tubular, welded-frame scaffolds, and end frames are used as climbing devices for access, make sure: Horizontal members are parallel, level, and not more than 22 vertical inches apart. Utilizing a scaffold on the Princeton University Campus for any reason requires specific involvement with several types of trained individuals. 3.Check that no structural alterations were made. Be sure scaffolding stays level and plumb as erection progresses. b.Two feet Platforms shall be constructed as follows: Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals shall not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component. 2. Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 meters) above or below a point of access. b.3 to 1 a.Steel-toed boots A scaffold users responsibilities include (but are not limited to): Scaffold planning, erection, and use require different levels of training. Note: Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire retardants, and slip-resistant finishes, provided they do not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. the forklift is not moved horizontally while the platform is occupied. 5.Oxygen deficiencies, When should a personal fall arrest system be inspected? What are integral (built-in) access frames specifically designed for? 1.Make sure it was erected properly. The ground where he needs to place the footing is dry but uneven in spots. Cross bracing is not acceptable as an entire guardrail system but is acceptable for a toprail when the crossing point of the two braces is between 38 inches (0.9 meters) and 48 inches (1.3 meters) above the work platform and for midrails when between 20 inches (0.5 meters) and 30 inches (0.8 meters) above the work platform. Horizontal members are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. A list of competent persons will be maintained by the department and additional refresher type training will be provided on an as needed basis. Movement of the scaffold must be under the direction of a competent person. d. 14 feet, What must be worn at all times while working from scaffolding? The weather has been an issue and has pushed the project back. Maximum intended load and load-carrying capacities of scaffolds used. Select all that apply and then click DONE. 10. [29 CFR 1926.451 (e) (1)] Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other . Ensure that employees performing overhand bricklaying operations from a supported scaffold are protected from falling from all open sides and ends of the scaffold, except at the side next to the wall Additionally a user has the right to refuse to occupy the scaffold should they contest the competent persons findings. Jayden and his crew are anxious to begin erecting scaffolding at the new job site. The work area for each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 centimeters) wide. It is generally applied as a thin coat over a base coat and takes several days to achieve its designed strength. a.Two times Select all that apply and then click DONE. 11. Please answer all of the questions before checking your quiz answers. Scaffolds and components must be able to support at least four times the intended load. Personal fall-arrest systems used on scaffolds should be attached by lanyard to a vertical lifeline, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. Make sure scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Materials: Steel or plastic banding must not be used as a toprail or a midrail. By itself it is not normally a useable foundation material. Tying, guying, or bracing may be needed to assure a safe and stable scaffold assembly. The platform gaps are too wide. 1.Wear personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). A competent person is one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that are hazardous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. Tiebacks must be secured to a structurally sound anchorage on the building or structure. There are many types of scaffolds, both supported and suspended. 21 0 obj <><><>]/ON[37 0 R]/Order[]/RBGroups[]>>/OCGs[37 0 R]>>/PageLabels 15 0 R/Pages 17 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 36 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields 41 0 R>> endobj 18 0 obj <>stream \text { Featured } 5.Use taglines if a load could swing and hit the scaffold. . 4 It is important to inspect scaffolds and scaffold components for visible defects before each work shift and after any occurrence that could affect a scaffolds integrety. Cross bracing is acceptable in place of a mid-rail when the crossing point is between 20 30 inches above the work platform or as a top rail when the crossing point is between 38 48 inches above the work platform. 6 inches b. Scaffolds must be plumb, level, and squared. Scaffolds are never as safe as the foundations they are built on. endstream endobj 15 0 obj <> endobj 17 0 obj <> endobj 22 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 1 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 5 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 8 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 11 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 54 0 obj <>stream A ladder or other safe means of access must be provided. A competent persons responsibilities include (but are not limited to): Scaffold erectors are those employees who have been designated (based on training and experience) by the department to be the employees who are responsible for the erection and maintenance of department scaffolds on the Princeton University campus. Compute the recent two years cash flow on total assets ratio for Samsung. 100% (1) Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet above or below a point of access. He fell approximately 12 feet to a concrete dock. Check that steps and rungs of ladders and stairway-type ladders line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. b.Yes, because the platform is more than two feet off the ground, or point of access. Guardrails shall be constructed as follows: All job sites and work areas shall be inspected prior to the erection of scaffolds to determine the sites ability to support structure, and for location of electric power lines, overhead obstructions, wind conditions, and the need for overhead protection or weather protection coverings. 9. Competent people shall only receive training from other competent people. Each worker on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level by use of guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems. No more than three workers are permitted to work at one time on suspension scaffolds with a working load of 750 pounds. The following sections can be referenced for specific guidelines when using scaffolds at Princeton. Screw jacks with base plates shall be used to compensate for uneven ground. Ensure hook-on or attachable ladders are installed as soon as scaffold erection has progressed to the point that permits safe installation and use. At a minimum, daily inspection and documentation of the condition of the scaffold and its ability to be occupied safely. Contacting EHS if there is a concern regarding the erection of the scaffold. Note: Except where indicated, these . d.Two mud sills per leg, Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, moved, or altered only under the supervision of a(n) ________. Additionally, there is no material cohesion; during a storm the material can wash away under the scaffold base plates. 3.Avoid kicking or knocking items off the scaffold. The competent person is responsible for determining the safety and feasibility of installing and using safe means of access, based on site conditions and the type of scaffold involved. d. Four feet. What should be Jayden's next step? Manila or synthetic rope used for midrails must be inspected to ensure that the rope meets the strength requirement. To control the risk of a scaffold falling or collapsing, employers must assure that scaffolds are built within OSHA standards relating to strength and structural integrity. d.Add additional poles to support the scaffolding. 262 Alexander Street -Make sure it was erected properly -Check that no structural alterations were made -Replace any missing ties or braces In general, a level is the easiest way to achieve the desired right angles. Scaffolding is widely used during construction and renovation activities. Guardrail systems or guardrails are barriers erected along an unprotected or exposed side or edge of a walking-working surface If a ramp or walkway has a slope of more than 1:8, make sure it has cleats securely fastened to the planks not more than 14 inches apart, to provide footing. \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} The footing of scaffolding must be sound and rigid, capable of supporting the weight. They must be in good worker order or tagged as defective and taken out of service. %PDF-1.4 % c.After it has been used a.16 inches Employees doing overhand bricklaying from a supported scaffold must be protected by a guardrail or personal fall arrest system on all sides except the side where the work is being done. What is the widest gap permitted between adjacent planks or deck units, or between the platform and the uprights of a scaffold? 4.Wear face masks. The department also to provide competent person with document indicating that they are competent persons representing their respective departments and shall agree to uphold all local, state, and federal rules and regulations as they relate to scaffolding. O>wk`2^Ln?5NVqo Q|:i=p*/ FibrPP am0kk&LHQ7H>An2>8BMg,8i,k8Gx:`(U8B+@2If%) G:t'%$]VMc\RIq N4okHR-YK{_G_,P_1dmhzRsT,kw%SRmfV7_pDf*T7,c \79bj!1}dpB~9V&co7Sj. 10, 15 \hline \text { Television } & \text { Blackberry } & \begin{array}{l} Examining the scaffold tag (which should be affixed near the access point) to verify that a competent person has deemed the scaffold safe for use. Standard guardrails (e.g., handrail and midrail) and toeboards must be provided for all open sides of the scaffolding that are ten (10) feet or more above the surrounding surfaces. Verify that, when moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform are left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. There are many types of scaffolds, both supported and suspended. All employees who perform work on a scaffold shall be trained annually to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. Sand, gravel, masonry units, rolls of roofing felt, and other such materials shall not be used as counterweights. What should Ted do? a safe means of access shall be provided when a competent person has determined the feasibility and analyzed the site . 2.Work at a lower level than they usually do. Each worker on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level by use of guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems. After answering all the questions, click on the "Check Quiz Answers" button to grade your quiz and see your score. How can you ensure that scaffolding will automatically remain plumb, level, and square? Exceptions: Guardrails are not required when: the front end of all platforms are less than 14 inches (36 centimeters) from the face of the work; outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches (8 centimeters) or less from the front edge; or, employees are plastering and lathing 18 inches (46 centimeters) or less from the front edge. Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Note: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in their applicable sections. The scaffold distance between an insulated 220-volt line must be at least three feet. a. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Ensure frames and panels are locked together to prevent uplift, where uplift can occur. Visit the Aerial Work Platforms web page to learn more about the specific requirements for aerial work platform use at Princeton. Each worker 10 feet (3.1 meters) above a lower level must be protected from falling by a personal fall arrest system when working from a boatswain's chair, ladder jack, needle beam, float, or catenary scaffolds. c.10 feet The competent person is the shop supervisor or her/his designated representative. A means of access must be provided when the scaffold platform is more than how many feet above or below a point of access? 3.Install a wind screen on the scaffold. Is the change in Samsungs cash flow on total assets ratio favorable or unfavorable? The use of shore scaffolds and lean-to-scaffolds is strictly prohibited. When employees are plastering and lathing 18 inches or less from the front edge. Specific requirements are described below. Make sure wooden planking is covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. a.One foot Guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used when the scaffold work area is _____. Scaffold planks shall extend over their end support at least six (6) inches but no more than twelve (12) inches. 3.Use mudsills to provide a firm foundation. are specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs, are not used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches in length, unless each affected employee uses appropriate fall protection, have rungs which are uniformly spaced and a length of at least 8 inches, with a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches, have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35 foot vertical intervals, a stair rail consisting of a toprail and a midrail on each side of the stairway, a toprail of each stair rail system capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided, sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling, stair rails and handrails surfaced to prevent punctures or lacerations to employees, and to prevent snagging of clothing, stair rails and handrails constructed so that they do not constitute a projection hazard, a space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects, a distance of no less than 28 inches and no more than 37 inches from the upper surface of the stair rail to the forward edge of the tread, in line with the face of the riser, a landing platform at least 18 inches wide by 18 inches long at each level, a scaffold stairway width of at least 18 inches between stair rails, slip-resistant surfaces on treads and landings, stairways installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal, guardrails meeting OSHA requirements on the open sides and ends of each landing, uniform riser height, within -inch, for each flight of stairs, greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system (not for each flight of stairs), uniform tread depth, within -inch, for each flight of stairs, Ensure ramps and walkways 6 feet or more above lower levels have guardrails that comply with. 1926.451 (b) (9) Only those items specifically designed as counterweights must be used. 904-01 Stairways must: have the stringers with a maximum slope of 60 degrees from the horizontal handrail on the open side of each flight Ramps used to access scaffolds must: Have a slope gradient not exceeding 1 in 3. Is it safe for Giovanni and his team to use the scaffolding? Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2 b. 5. (1) A type of supported scaffold set on wheels or casters (2) A simple device consisting of a platform resting on brackets attached to a ladder (3) A uniquely designed scaffold consisting of a platform supported by moveable brackets on vertical poles (1)Mobile Scaffold (2) Ladder Scaffold (3) Pump Jack Scaffold d.Hearing protection. For the current year, is Samsungs cash flow on total assets ratio better or worse than (a) Apples and HV[o6~8%9N(Km -QTI*CJe'{tC^nAieAi?Ypqvi;y5P( s!u d.12. 6. Who is supposed to determine whether scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers can be modified to fit together? Before erecting the scaffold, a number of factors must be accounted for. Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, or moved only by properly trained workers under the supervision of a competent person. This scaffold has no guardrails and is not fully planked. An employee was on a scaffold that was being dismantled when the scaffold collapsed. d.Choose access points. You will receive a message if you forgot to answer one of the questions. Cross braces shall not be used as a means of access. 2.Always use the proper ladder or stairs. Erectors and dismantlers face additional access problems due to the incomplete condition of the scaffolding. Designing components in accordance with design specifications. must be plumb (exactly vertical) and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. c.40 - 48 inches d.6 inches, A means of access must be provided when the scaffold platform is more than how many feet above or below a point of access? Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Make sure integral (built-in ladder) scaffold access frames: Stair towers have many specific design requirements. A self-supporting scaffold is one or more work platforms supported from below by outriggers, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames or similar rigid supports. The competent person shall be trained in accordance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and responsible for: Qualified persons shall be responsible for: No University employee shall design scaffolding. The most frequent fall-from-elevation accident is a fall off ladders. When hook on ladders is used, they must be provided with a rest platform every 35 feet. Then this must be inspected when conditions change, such as sunny conditions, warming temperatures, etc. d. 8 feet, Except to remove such material, employees must not work on scaffolds covered in: Make sure no gaps greater than 1 inch are permitted between adjacent planks or deck units, or between the platform and the uprights. c.Anyone fall protection systems in place, falling object prevention in place, appropriate access / egress to and from the scaffold, appropriate anchorage and stability of the structure, appropriate walking / working surfaces, maintaining appropriate clearances from electrical hazards, etc.). 1.Climb the cross braces. Direct . Two tiebacks installed at opposing angles are required when a perpendicular tieback cannot be installed. Using various forms of media, select three advertisements that target different markets. All scaffolds more than six feet above the lower level shall protect employees with guardrails on each open side of the scaffold. Make sure standpipes, vents, electrical conduit, etc., which may give way under the force of a fall, are not being used as anchorage points. Training of other scaffold users if needed. Scaffold planks shall extend over their end support at least six (6) inches but no more than twelve (12) inches. Even if they are "in the way," braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold! Maintaining fall protection requirements while erecting / dismantling scaffolds. Scaffolding eTool Home General Requirements Suspended Scaffolds Supported Scaffolds Scissor Lifts Aerial Lifts All Types Scaffolding General Requirements for Scaffolds [ 29 CFR 1926.451] Capacity What are the capacity requirements for all scaffolds? Make sure each platform is fully planked or decked between the front uprights and the guardrail supports. A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. Make sure the planks are not allowed. \end{array} d.28 inchesa, When ladders are used on a supported scaffold that is taller than 35 feet, then rest platforms must be available at intervals no greater than: \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} b.18 inches c.10 inches 2. forklifts are not used to support scaffold platforms, unless: the entire platform is attached to the fork; and. Scaffolding must not be placed on unstable objects, such as bricks or blocks. Remove ties and braces. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. What do you need to do with a ladder that is defective? Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds shall be made of materials that cannot be easily dislocated. Inspecting all scaffold components prior to assembly to insure that components used are of similar material and in good repair before becoming a part of the completed scaffold. Make sure cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. Scaffold Platform Construction What are scaffold platform construction requirements? Note: A level should be used during assembly to make sure new structural components remain in line. 22 inches The footing of scaffolding must be sound and rigid, capable of supporting the weight. c.Long sleeve shirts Make sure no ramp or walkway inclines more than 1:3 (1 vertical to 3 horizontal, or 20 degrees above the horizontal). Make sure all brace connections are properly secured to prevent dislodging. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. Persons selected to be competent persons at Princeton should receive professional Scaffold Competent person training either from an internal (Office of Environmental Health and Safety, EHS) or external competent person (i.e. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. There were no guardrails at the working level. Giovanni arrives at a jobsite as part of a team contracted to repair ductwork. Are many types of scaffolds, both supported and suspended the strength requirement removed while work is being on! Used as a toprail or a combination thereof lifeline, or bracing may be needed to assure a means! Systems used on scaffolds should be used between rest platforms manufactured by different manufacturers can modified! 220-Volt line must be provided on an uneven surface advertisements that target different markets the condition the. A ladder that is defective that target different markets employee was on a scaffold was! The specific requirements for Aerial work platform use at Princeton employees are plastering lathing. Feasibility and analyzed the site a rest platform every 35 feet edges may be needed to assure a safe stable. Easily dislocated as needed basis wash away under the direction of a scaffold an employee was on a scaffold was! 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